This grant provides four years of continued funding for postdoctoral fellowships, for junior scholars to work on the labor market consequences of the aging of the U.S. workforce. Awarded through a competitive process, each fellowship will run for one year under the supervision of senior scholars in NBERХs well-regarded Economics of Aging or Labor Studies programs. Fellowships will be awarded on the basis of a candidateХs potential to make an important contribution to our understanding of labor markets for older workers. Additional monies will support a small competitive grants program, run by Alexander Gelber, associate professor at the University of California, San Diego, department of economics and School of Global Policy and Strategy, and RFPs for small economic research projects on issues related to the aging workforce. Over the course of the four-year grant, six projects will be funded on topics that include the determinants of work at older ages, age discrimination, productivity effects of an aging workforce, or how differences in workplace policies, training, and structure affect older workers.