In early 2011, computational biologist Phil Bourne hosted a meeting at University of California, San Diego (UCSD) titled "Beyond the PDF," which brought together the emerging community of researchers, librarians, publishers, and developers who are rethinking scholarly communication in the sciences. The primary focus of the agenda was a discussion of the future shape of scientific articles. Presentations ranged from models for data or software publication to so-called "executable" papers, in which results are not simply described but are actually computed on the fly in live, adjustable figures. The initial "Beyond the PDF" meeting was unusually productive, bringing together a group of stakeholders to think creatively about scientific communication, and forming a nascent community that has continued to develop through a series of international conversations throughout the year. Funds from this grant support a second "Beyond the PDF" workshop, to be held in the summer of 2011. Support includes funds for agenda development and planning, as well as monies to hire a full-year staff member to focus on providing services to the growing community of scientists and technologists focused on thinking seriously and imaginatively about the future of scholarly communication.