The American Educational Research Association, in partnership with the American Association for the Advancement of Science, EducationCounsel, the Association of American Medical Colleges, and the Civil Rights Center at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill School of Law, is undertaking a comprehensive research project to synthesize a large multidisciplinary body of knowledge aimed at documenting and quantifying the multiple ways that various forms of structural and systemic racism harm individual students and their educational outcomes. The project team will look at four broad areas of scholarship: physiology, biology, and genomics; mental health; identity science (which includes the study of phenomena like stereotype threat and microaggressions); and educational access, infrastructure, and pedagogy.  Though each of these fields has well-documented findings on the individualized impacts of racism on student outcomes, no attempt has been made to provide a synthesis that brings this diverse body of findings into a comprehensive whole. The proposed synthesis promises to provide a vital evidence-based resource that can inform discussion among educators, policymakers, courts, and the public about what scientific consensus has to say about the individual discrimination-based harms suffered by students and how to tailor fair and equitable college admissions and other educational policies in ways that are both cognizant of and responsive to these harms.