Resources for the Future (RFF) maintains a suite of 14 influential, high quality energy system models designed to analyze how different aspects of the energy system might change under different economic, policy, and technology conditions. Funds from this grant will support a project to expand, augment, and improve the sophistication of RFF’s models in three areas of model development that are of critical importance to the study of the U.S. energy system: transportation, land use, and energy equity. With respect to transportation, RFF will build on its previous efforts to model the consumer, light-duty transportation sector and will develop a new model component that addresses the medium- and heavy-duty vehicle and truck sector. With respect to land use, RFF will update its Carbon and Land Use Model (CALM) to better represent alternative types of land use that could advance or hinder carbon storage and emissions reductions. This includes studying factors such as deforestation, ethanol production, or land use for building and construction. With respect to energy equity, RFF will better represent the equity and distributional impacts of alternative energy policies in one of its flagship power sector models, known as E4ST. In doing so, RFF will examine the equity implications of various energy policies, including policies deliberately designed with energy and environmental justice considerations in mind, such as those that prohibit the siting new fossil fuel power plants in vulnerable communities, and those where equity considerations are secondary considerations. The results of this analysis are expected to be widely valuable for both research and policy purposes.