Recent supply chain disruptions have highlighted the need for resilience in critical industries. Firms often prioritize efficiency over resiliency, leading to underinvestment in robust production methods. The CHIPS and Science Act passed by Congress in 2022 tasked the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy with creating a National Technology Strategy. It also tasked the NSF’s new Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships (TIP) with identifying and evaluating investments in key technologies. As is often the case, however, directives like this do not imply pre-existence of the expertise, methodologies, or even the data necessary to carry them out. Building on previous Sloan-funded research related to critical technologies and resiliency, Erica Fuchs will lead a research initiative on the techno-economics of critical industries and their supply chains, concentrating on developing exemplary methodologies, datasets, and meaningful research results related to the energy storage, semiconductors, and medical supplies industries. The multidisciplinary team includes experts on public policy generally and resiliency interventions in particular, economists to analyze firm reactions and societal implications, as well as engineers to assess interoperability in production methods and industry vulnerabilities. Based at Carnegie Mellon, the research team will bring together experts from institutions like MIT and Arizona State to regularly present results, comparing cross-case insights, challenges, and solutions, and to receive feedback from industry and government stakeholders and from an academic advisory board. The methods, data, and policy-relevant research developed from this initiative will help make the U.S. economy more resilient and potentially lead to whole new multidisciplinary fields or institutions devoted to critical technology assessment.