Many seminal experiments in behavioral economics have been performed using small groups of undergraduates at elite universities as subjects. Drawing robust scientific conclusions from these experiments is difficult. Student test subjects are, in general, whiter, richer, younger, and more American than the world populace taken as a whole. In addition, the campus laboratories that conduct such experiments are expensive to run, limiting the number of students that can be tested. Given the new possibilities opened up by the advent of the Internet, there should be easier ways to gather behavioral data using large numbers of participants from all over the world. This grant supports a project by Harvard's Erez Liberman Aiden to develop a user-friendly platform for creating, performing, and tracking large-scale economic experiments online. Called the "Laboratory for Online Research in Economics" (LORE), the platform will invite online visitors to participate in economic experiments, beginning in with classic "matrix games" such as the Prisoners' Dilemma or the Public Goods game and eventually expanding to include auction and market simulations with complex matching protocols and population structures. Harvard has funded the creation of a preliminary version of the LORE platform. Funds from this grant would pay for hardware, the hiring of a programmer, and provision of player incentives.

Funds from this grant support the work of Stanford economists Jonathan Levin and Liran Einay, who have obtained unprecedented access to a massive dataset on consumer behavior data collected by the internet retailing giant and auction site eBay. The eBay data is a goldmine of information containing records of hundreds of millions of transactions over ten years, including the histories of every seller, details on every item ever listed on the site, and records of every click made by site users. Grant monies will support Levin and Einay's work analyzing this data, which will initially focus on three distinct issues: how buyer and seller behavior have changed over time particularly with regard to auctions; how to model seller learning; and the impact of changes in online sales taxes on buyer and seller behavior. The depth and richness of the dataset they will be analyzing promises to shed new light on our understanding of what happens when people go shopping.

Funds from this grant support a project by economists Alexandre Mas of Princeton University and David Card of University of California, Berkeley to advance our understanding of unemployment and the behavior of labor markets in the aftermath of the October 2008 financial crisis and the subsequent U.S. recession. With support from Sloan Foundation funds, Mas and Card will commission a dozen papers from distinguished researchers about key microeconomic aspects of the current unemployment predicament. Topics to be explored include how the recession changed current and future employment patterns, why employment has yet to significantly rebound, and what effects long-term effects prolonged unemployment have on workers' welfare and human capital. In addition, the grant will fund efforts to disseminate the commissioned work, including the publication of the papers in a special edition of a peer-reviewed journal, and a forum in Washington aimed at communicating research results to policymakers.

Funds from this grant will provide support for a major conference on high-skilled immigration for both researchers and non-specialists. Organized by Stephen Merrill, Executive Director of the Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy of that National Academy of Sciences, the conference will concentrate on international comparisons of policies that influence the supply, demand, and mobility of scientists and engineers. An expert committee appointed by STEP, will study this topic in advance of the conference and commission several review papers. Subsequent to the conference, the Academy will issue a peer-reviewed publication featuring feature conference session summaries, the commissioned papers, and a research agenda that can help prioritize future work in this area.

The decision to emigrate depends both on where the potential immigrant is going and where he or she is coming from. Changes in the conditions and laws in a given country affect people differently in different countries, depending on the conditions and laws there. Yet, when collecting information about immigration, countries tend to be interested only in their own policies, and they tend to track only the total immigrant flows across their own borders. No one nation has much incentive to collect, reconcile, or share detailed information about what is happening elsewhere. This grant to the International Migration Institute at Oxford University supports the work of a team lead by Hein de Haas to compile information about the flow patterns and the policy determinants of high-skilled immigration, concentrating on relocation decisions by students and academics. The project, called DEMIG, studies the "DEterminants of International MIGration" by producing sharable datasets that are bilateral and longitudinal, i.e., that record both sending and receiving information between pairs of countries repeatedly over time. Funds from this grant will allow de Hass and his team to extend DEMIG's Migration Flow Database to include skill indicators like education and employment, and extend DEMIG's Policy Database beyond immigration laws to track factors like fellowship or research funding levels that can specifically influence student and faculty mobility decisions.